Present, Past, Future Tenses In English Grammar With Example
There are three main types of verb tenses past, present and future.
PRESENT TENSE
Present tense shows the current action that is going to be performed. It has four types which are briefly described here.
1. Indefinite Present Tense
Structure:
Subject + Verb (v1) + s/es + obj
Examples:
- मैं रोजाना व्यायाम करता हूं| I take exercise daily.
- वह पुस्तकालय में एक किताब पढ़ता है। he reads a book in the library.
2. Present Continuous Tense
Structure:
Subject + is/am/are + Verb(+ing) + obj
Example:
- वह फुटबॉल खेल रहा है। He is playing football.
- मैं एक हाई स्कूल में पढ़ रहा हूं| I am studying in a high school
3. Present Perfect Tense
Structure:
Subject + Has/have + Verb (v3) +obj
Example:
- उन्होंने यह रंगीन चार्ट बनाया है| He has made this colorful chart.
- मैंने अपना कार्य पूरा कर लिया है| I have completed my assignment.
4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Structure:
Subject + Has/have + been + Verb(+ing) + obj + since/for
Example:
- मैं पिछले तीन दिनों से अपना कार्य पूरा कर रहा हूं। I have been completing my assignment for the last three days.
- वह 2017 से इस विभाग में काम कर रही हैं| She has been working in this department since 2017
PAST TENSE
Past tense expresses the actions that happened in the past. It has also four types.
5. Indefinite Past Tense
Structure:
Subject + Verb (v2) or irregular verb + obj
Example:
- उन्होंने असाइनमेंट पूरा किया| He completed the assignment.
- मैंने वह समाचार पत्र पढ़ा। I read the newspaper.
6. Past Continuous Tense
Structure:
Subject + was/were + Verb(+ing) + obj
Example:
- वह किताब पढ़ रहा था| He was reading the book.
- मैं सुबह की सैर के लिए पार्क जा रहा था| I was going to the park for a morning walk.
7. Past Perfect Tense
Structure:
Subject + had + Verb (v3) + obj
Example
- मैंने अपना होमवर्क पूरा कर लिया था| I had finished my homework.
- उसने अपना काम पूरा कर लिया था| He had completed his task.
8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Structure:
Subject + had + been + Verb(+ing) + obj + since/for
Example:
- वह पिछले दो घंटों से अपना काम पूरा कर रहा था। He had been completing his assignment for the last two hours.
- मैं सुबह से फुटबॉल खेल रहा था। I had been playing football since morning.
FUTURE TENSE
Future tense expresses the actions that have not happened yet OR “the actions that will likely to happen in future”. Its four types are described here.
9. Indefinite Future Tense
Structure:
Subject+ will/shall+ verb(v1) + obj
Example:
- मैं टहलने के लिए पार्क में जाऊंगा| I shall go to the park for a walk.
- वह अपना कर्तव्य निभाएंगी| She will perform his duty.
10. Future Continuous Tense
Structure:
Subject + will be/shall be + verb(+ing) + obj
Example:
- वह फुटबॉल खेल रहा होगा| He will be playing football.
- हम खाना खा रहे होंगे| We shall be eating the meal.
11. Future Perfect Tense
Structure:
Subject + will have + verb(v3) + obj
Example:
- उसने फुटबॉल खेला होगा| He will have played football.
- मैंने अपना कार्य पूरा कर लिया होगा| I will have completed my assignment.
12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Structure:
Subject + will have been + verb(+ing) + obj + since/for
Example:
वह पचास मिनट से अधिक समय से फुटबॉल मैच देख रहा होगा। He will have been watching the football match for over fifty minutes.
PAST FUTURE TENSE
13. Past Future Tense
Structure:
Subject + would + verb (v1) + obj
Example:
मैंने कहा कि मैं एक घंटे में निकल जाऊंगा | I told that I would leave in one hour.
14. Past Future Continuous Tense
Structure:
Subject + should be/would be + Verb(+ing) + obj
Example:
मैंने कहा कि मैं दिन भर अपना होमवर्क करता रहूँगा। I told that I would be doing my homework all day long.
15. Past Future Perfect Tense
Structure:
Subject + should have/ would have + Verb(v3) + obj
Example:
उसने कहा कि वह अपना काम पूरा कर लेगी। She said that she would have completed her assignment.
16. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Structure:
Subject + would have been + Verb(+ing) + obj + since/for
Example:
उन्होंने कहा कि मुझे उस समय तक यहां दो घंटे तक काम करना चाहिए था | He said that I should have been working here for two hours by that time.